Wisconsin Plumbing License: Everything You Need to Know

The plumbing industry in Wisconsin is thriving, offering ample opportunities for skilled professionals. Whether you’re starting as an apprentice or aiming for a Master Plumber license, this guide provides essential information about licensing requirements, apprenticeships, insurance, renewals, and resources to help you succeed.

What plumbing work can be done without a license?

In Wisconsin, most plumbing work requires a valid license issued by the Wisconsin Department of Safety and Professional Services (DSPS). However, there are some exceptions:

• Homeowners: Property owners may perform basic plumbing work on their own single-family homes, provided the property is their primary residence and not being used as rental property. Examples include repairing leaks, replacing faucets, or unclogging drains.
• Maintenance Staff: Unlicensed individuals working under the supervision of a licensed plumber can perform minor repairs or maintenance tasks, such as replacing washers, clearing blockages, or other routine fixes that do not involve modifying plumbing systems.
• Apprentices: Apprentice plumbers may perform plumbing work under the direct supervision of a licensed Journeyman or Master Plumber as part of their training program.

Attempting to perform plumbing work beyond these allowances without a license can result in fines, legal penalties, and delays in project approvals. Always consult with the DSPS or local building authorities for clarification on whether a specific task requires a licensed professional.

What are the different types of plumbing licenses available in Wisconsin?

Wisconsin offers three main types of plumbing licenses: Apprentice, Journeyman, and Master Plumber. Each has unique requirements based on education, experience, and examinations.

1. Apprentice Plumber License
   Apprenticeships in Wisconsin last five years and include hands-on training under the supervision of licensed plumbers. To qualify, you must:
   • Be at least 18 years old.
   • Hold a high school diploma or GED. Apprentices cannot work independently but gain valuable skills to progress in their career.
2. Journeyman Plumber License
   Journeymen can work independently but cannot open their own business. To qualify, you must:
   • Complete a five-year apprenticeship program.
   • Pass the state-administered Journeyman exam, which costs $20 to take and has a $10 application fee. Upon passing, you’ll pay a $180 licensing fee.
3. Master Plumber License
   Master Plumbers can supervise other plumbers and start their own businesses. Requirements include:
   • At least three consecutive years of plumbing experience (1,000 hours annually).
   • Passing the Master Plumber exam, which has two parts totaling eight hours.
   • A licensing fee of $180.

Average hourly rates for plumbers in Wisconsin

Plumbers in Wisconsin earn wages based on their experience and qualifications. Here’s a breakdown of average hourly rates in Wisconsin compared to national averages:

• Apprentice Plumber: $16.00 per hour (National Average: $15.31 per hour)
• Journeyman Plumber: $26.35 per hour (National Average: $25.37 per hour)
• Master Plumber: $35.00 per hour (National Average: $30.46 per hour)

Nationally, Wisconsin plumbers earn slightly above average, particularly at the Master Plumber level. Urban areas like Milwaukee and Madison often offer higher wages due to increased demand.

How to get a plumbing license in Wisconsin

The licensing process in Wisconsin combines education, hands-on training, and passing state-administered exams. To start, aspiring plumbers must enroll in a five-year apprenticeship program through unions, technical colleges, or local employers. These programs provide a mix of classroom instruction and on-the-job training, covering topics like plumbing codes, safety protocols, pipe fittings, and system design. Technical colleges such as Fox Valley Technical College, Moraine Park Technical College, and Gateway Technical College offer plumbing programs that typically last two years, with annual tuition costs under $4,000. While financial aid eligibility varies, students can explore scholarships, private loans, or employer tuition reimbursement programs to offset costs.

After completing an apprenticeship, candidates can apply for the Journeyman Plumber license by taking a state-administered exam. The exam consists of two sections, with 87 questions in the first part and 120 questions in the second. Each section has a three-hour time limit. To learn more about the test, visit the Wisconsin Department of Safety and Professional Services. Successful candidates must pay a $180 licensing fee to obtain their Journeyman license, which allows them to work independently on plumbing projects.

To advance to a Master Plumber license, Journeyman Plumbers need to accumulate at least three years of work experience and pass a comprehensive Master Plumber exam. This exam includes two parts: the first section contains 110 questions, and the second has 132 questions, totaling eight hours. Master Plumbers can operate their own businesses and oversee other plumbers. Criminal records do not automatically disqualify candidates from licensure, but individuals with felonies must submit a criminal disclosure statement as part of the application process.

Checklist for Obtaining a Plumbing License

Here’s a step-by-step checklist to guide you through the process:

1. Apprentice Plumber
   • Be at least 18 years old and possess a high school diploma or GED.
   • Enroll in a five-year apprenticeship program through unions, technical colleges, or local employers.
   • Gain hands-on experience and complete required coursework in plumbing systems, codes, and safety.
2. Journeyman Plumber License
   • Complete the five-year apprenticeship program, including 8,000 hours of on-the-job training.
   • Pass the state-administered Journeyman exam (two parts, 207 questions total).
   • Submit your application and pay the $180 licensing fee.
3. Master Plumber License
   • Work as a licensed Journeyman Plumber for at least three years.
   • Pass the state-administered Master Plumber exam (two parts, 242 questions total).
   • Apply for the license and pay the associated fee.

Should I join a union?

Joining a union, such as Plumbers Union Local 75 or UA Local 400, offers several benefits:

• Higher Pay: Union plumbers typically earn 15-20% more than non-union plumbers.
• Benefits: Access to health insurance, pensions, and paid leave.
• Training Resources: Unions provide ongoing education and support for licensing exams.

Insurance for plumbers in Wisconsin

Licensed plumbers in Wisconsin should have the following insurance:

• Public Liability Insurance: Protects against third-party claims for property damage or injuries.
• General Property Insurance: Covers damage to tools and equipment.
• Personal Accident Insurance: Protects against income loss due to injuries on the job.

Employers are responsible for providing workers’ compensation insurance to employees, which can be purchased through the Wisconsin Department of Workforce Development.

How to get my first plumbing apprenticeship

Securing an apprenticeship is the first step toward becoming a licensed plumber:

1. Eligibility: Candidates must be at least 18 years old and possess a high school diploma or GED.
2. Application Process: Apply through unions, such as Plumbers Union Local 75, or technical schools like Gateway Technical College.
3. Interview Tips:
   • Dress professionally and highlight any prior mechanical or construction experience.
   • Demonstrate enthusiasm and a strong work ethic.
   • Apprenticeship programs often provide paid training, with union-sponsored programs offering additional resources like test preparation and job placement.

Does my license work in any other states?

Wisconsin does not have reciprocity agreements with other states for plumbing licenses. Plumbers moving to Wisconsin or leaving the state must meet the new jurisdiction’s licensing requirements.

How do I stay up to date with plumbing codes?

Licensed plumbers in Wisconsin are required to stay up to date with the current plumbing codes. Updated Wisconsin references can be found on the following websites:

• International Code Council
• UpCodes
• Tests.com

What resources are available in the plumbing industry?

The following information will help you prepare for a career as a plumber in Wisconsin:

• Plumbing Specialties
• Plumbing Industry Trends
• Plumbing Blogs
• Plumbing Trade Shows

I already have a license but:

• Lost License: Request a replacement by contacting the Wisconsin Department of Safety and Professional Services. A fee may apply.
• Name Change: Submit legal documentation, such as a marriage certificate, to update your license.
• Address Change: Notify the Department to update your records.

How often do I need to renew my plumbing license in Wisconsin?

Wisconsin plumbing licenses must be renewed every two years. The renewal fee is $40. Licenses renewed after expiration incur a $25 late fee. Renewal reminders are sent 4-6 weeks before the expiration date.