Texas Plumbing License: Everything You Need to Know

The plumbing industry in Texas offers excellent opportunities for individuals with the proper licensing and skills. Whether you’re starting as an apprentice or striving to become a master plumber, this guide provides all the details you need about licensing requirements, apprenticeships, insurance, renewals, and career resources in the state.

What plumbing work can be done without a license?

In Texas, plumbing work requires a valid license issued by the Texas State Board of Plumbing Examiners (TSBPE). Unlicensed individuals can only assist licensed plumbers under supervision and cannot perform independent plumbing work. Homeowners working on their own residences may perform limited plumbing tasks but must comply with local codes and regulations.

What are the different types of plumbing licenses available in Texas?

Texas offers four primary types of plumbing licenses, each with specific requirements and scopes of work:

1. Plumber’s Apprentice
   • Scope: Assists licensed plumbers with installations and repairs under direct supervision.
   • Requirements: Registration with the TSBPE and sponsorship by a licensed plumbing contractor.
   • Training: Apprentices participate in hands-on training while working towards higher license levels.
2. Tradesman Plumber-Limited License
   • Scope: Allows plumbers to perform residential installations and repairs independently.
   • Requirements:
     1. Two years (4,000 hours) of experience as a registered apprentice.
     2. Completion of 24 hours of board-approved classroom training.
     3. Passing the Tradesman Plumber exam.
3. Journeyman Plumber
   • Scope: Authorized to work independently on residential and commercial projects.
   • Requirements:
     1. Four years (8,000 hours) of work experience under a licensed plumber.
     2. Completion of 48 hours of board-approved classroom training.
     3. Passing the Journeyman Plumber exam.
4. Master Plumber
   • Scope: Can manage plumbing projects, supervise other plumbers, and operate a plumbing business.
   • Requirements:
     1. Must hold a Journeyman Plumber license.
     2. Complete an additional 4,000 hours of supervisory experience.
     3. Pass the Master Plumber exam, which includes sections on advanced plumbing practices, business management, and safety regulations.

Average hourly rates for plumbers in Texas

Licensed plumbers in Texas earn competitive wages. Here’s a breakdown of average hourly rates in Texas compared to national averages:

• Apprentice Plumber: $15.00 per hour (National Average: $15.31)
• Journeyman Plumber: $24.00 per hour (National Average: $25.37)
• Master Plumber: $32.50 per hour (National Average: $30.46)

Plumbers in urban areas like Dallas, Houston, and Austin often earn higher wages due to increased demand and higher living costs.

How to get a plumbing license in Texas

The licensing process in Texas requires a combination of education, hands-on training, and passing state-administered exams. Each step builds on your skills and prepares you for more advanced plumbing responsibilities.

Step 1: Register as a Plumber’s Apprentice

Starting as an apprentice is the first step in your plumbing career.

• Enrollment: Join a plumbing company, technical school, or union that sponsors apprenticeships. Programs like the United Association of Journeymen and Apprentices (UA Local 100) provide structured on-the-job training and classroom instruction.
• Requirements: You must be at least 18 years old, have a high school diploma or GED, and register with the Texas State Board of Plumbing Examiners (TSBPE).
• Training: Apprenticeships typically last two to four years. During this time, you’ll learn how to install and repair pipe systems, work with tools, and understand plumbing codes. Tuition for plumbing trade programs ranges from $3,000 to $15,000, and some schools offer financial aid.

Accredited schools offering plumbing programs include Texas State Technical College, St. Philip’s College, Brazosport College, and others. Programs range from 3 to 12 months, and coursework covers topics such as drinking water and sewage systems, heating and gas pipe systems, and safety protocols. Upon completing your studies, you can apply for an apprenticeship with a master plumber, who will supervise your hands-on training.

Step 2: Obtain a Tradesman Plumber-Limited License

After gaining experience as an apprentice, you can apply for a Tradesman Plumber license to work independently on residential projects.

• Experience: Complete at least two years (4,000 hours) of supervised work as an apprentice.
• Exam: Pass the Tradesman Plumber exam, which includes a written test and a practical hands-on component. Topics include cutting and fitting pipes, water heater installation, and designing sanitary drainage systems. A passing score demonstrates your readiness to handle residential plumbing tasks.
• Application: Submit proof of experience and classroom hours, pay the $36 exam fee, and complete the application.

Step 3: Advance to a Journeyman Plumber License

A Journeyman Plumber license expands your scope of work to include residential and commercial projects.

• Experience: Accumulate four years (8,000 hours) of fieldwork as an apprentice or Tradesman Plumber. Keep detailed records of your work hours, as they will be required for your application.
• Exam: Pass the Journeyman Plumber exam, which consists of 48 hours of classroom training and testing. The exam covers advanced plumbing codes, system designs, and safety standards. The fee for the exam is $40.
• Application: Provide evidence of completed training, classroom hours, and work experience when submitting your application.

Step 4: Achieve Master Plumber Status

Becoming a Master Plumber is the pinnacle of the profession, allowing you to supervise other plumbers and operate your own plumbing business.

• Experience: Gain an additional 4,000 hours of supervisory experience as a licensed Journeyman Plumber.
• Exam: Pass the Master Plumber exam, which consists of 210 questions covering advanced plumbing codes, OSHA regulations, and business management principles. The exam fee is $175.
• Application: Submit proof of your experience, financial statements, and liability insurance.

Background Checks for Licensing

All applicants for a Texas plumbing license must undergo a criminal background check. Certain felony convictions may result in license denial. To determine eligibility before applying, you can request a criminal history evaluation letter from the TSBPE for $25.

Licensing Exam Details

All exams for Tradesman, Journeyman, and Master Plumber licenses are administered by the TSBPE. Here’s a breakdown of exam fees:

• Tradesman Plumber: $36
• Journeyman Plumber: $40
• Master Plumber: $175

This comprehensive pathway ensures that you acquire the necessary skills and certifications to build a successful plumbing career in Texas.

Checklist for Obtaining a Plumbing License

Here’s a step-by-step checklist to guide you through the process:

1. Apprentice License
   • Register with the TSBPE.
   • Complete an approved apprenticeship program.
2. Tradesman License
   • Document 4,000 hours of experience.
   • Pass the Tradesman Plumber exam.
3. Journeyman License
   • Accumulate 8,000 hours of work experience.
   • Pass the Journeyman Plumber exam.
4. Master Plumber License
   • Complete an additional 4,000 hours of supervisory work.
   • Pass the Master Plumber exam.
   • Obtain liability insurance.

Should I join a union?

Joining a union like UA Local 100 in Dallas offers several advantages:

• Higher Pay: Union plumbers typically earn 20% more than non-union plumbers.
• Training Opportunities: Access structured apprenticeship programs and continuing education resources.
• Benefits: Health insurance, pension plans, and paid leave.

On the other hand, you must pay union dues and possibly initiation fees. Senior members of unions are usually the last to be fired or the first to be considered for promotions, which is a source of frustration among new members.

Insurance for plumbers in Texas

Licensed Master Plumbers in Texas must carry general liability insurance with a minimum annual coverage of $300,000. Contractors are encouraged to carry additional insurance, such as workers’ compensation, to protect employees and comply with legal requirements.

How to get my first plumbing apprenticeship

Apprenticeships are essential for gaining practical plumbing experience in Texas, and the Texas Workforce Commission plays a key role in overseeing these programs and connecting aspiring plumbers with sponsoring companies. Opportunities are available through unions such as UA Local 100, technical colleges like Texas State Technical College, and local plumbing companies. Applicants typically need a high school diploma or GED, a valid driver’s license, and a polished resume highlighting any relevant skills. Some programs may require background checks and drug screenings, so it’s important to prepare accordingly. When interviewing for an apprenticeship, dress professionally, bring multiple copies of your resume, and emphasize any hands-on experience or mechanical aptitude. Show enthusiasm for the trade by expressing your commitment to learning and advancing as a plumbing professional.

Does my license work in any other states?

A Texas plumbing license is valid only within the state. However, the Texas State Board of Plumbing Examiners (TSBPE) has established reciprocity agreements with Louisiana and Arkansas. These agreements allow licensed plumbers from these states to obtain a Texas plumbing license without additional examination requirements.

How do I stay up to date with plumbing codes?

Updated Texas plumbing codes can be found on the following websites:

• Texas State Board of Plumbing Examiners
• International Code Council
• UpCodes
• Tests.com

What resources are available in the plumbing industry?

The following information will help you prepare for a career as a plumber in Texas:

• Plumbing Specialties
• Plumbing Industry Trends
• Plumbing Blogs
• Plumbing Trade Shows

How often do I need to renew my plumbing license in Texas?

Plumbing licenses in Texas must be renewed annually. Renewal fees vary depending on the license type:

• Tradesman Plumber: $35
• Journeyman Plumber: $40
• Master Plumber: $75

License holders must also complete six hours of continuing education each year to remain in good standing. Failure to renew on time may result in penalties or the need to retake licensing exams.